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Useful tips for CA PE-II students appearing in May 2006 Exam Cost & MA


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Posted on Mon May 01, 2006 at 04:50:16 AM EST

 Useful tips for CA PE-II students appearing in May 2006 Exam-Subjects: Cost Accounting and Financial Management

This is the time when you will be revising your course contents. CA Exam requires thorough preparation covering the whole syllabus in each paper. However, you may give greater attention to those topics which you consider more probable on the basis of the analysis of the past exam question papers and intensity of the topic. You should also prepare theory (concept) portion properly with suitable examples, illustrations & graphs etc. , wherever necessary.

While I am sure you will cover the whole course and prepare thoroughly, you may give greater attention to the following:

Section A: Cost Accounting

1.    Basic concepts

(i)    Classification of costs according to their nature and information needs of management.
(ii)    Distinguish between controllable costs and uncontrollable costs, cost control and cost reduction, cost allocation and cost absorption.
(iii) Select a suitable unit of cost to be used in hospital, city bus transport,   hotel providing lodging facilities
(iv) Main objectives of introduction of a cost accounting system in a manufacturing organisation, the term cost center,chargeable expenses  and its treatment in cost accounts. (v) Explicit costs vs. implicit costs.
2.    Materials

  9i)       (i) Duties of purchase dept
           (ii) Bin card vs. Stores ledger
          (iii) Pricing for entering in the stores ledger
    (iv) JIT in case of purchase
           (v) Reorder level & Reorder quantity
          (vi) Computation of EOQ/ROL in the normal situation and with varying purchase prices or trade discount.
         (vii) Computation of safety stock when stock out cost and carrying  cost are given and when these costs are not given.
        (viii) Preparation of Stores Ledger under FIFO/LIFO and  weighted average method.
          (ix) Treatment of material losses in cost accounts.
        (x) ABC analysis for material control

3.    Labour

           (i) Computation of earnings of workers under Merrick,
               Halsey, Emerson & Rowan Plans.
          (ii) How Rowan plan strikes a balance between quality  and quantity of production (also prepare illustration on this topic).
         (iii) Treatment of overtime premium in cost accounts.
         (iv) Incentive schemes for indirect workers.
    (v)  Labour productivity and performance rating.
    (vi) Casual and out workers and night shift allowance.
    (vii) Methods of computing labour turnover

     4.   Factory Overheads

            (i)      Distinction among allocation, apportionment and
                     absorption of overheads.  
            (ii)     Treatment (disposition) of under/over absorbed
                      factory overheads  
          (iii)       Computation of machine hour rate including
                      comprehensive (composite) machine hour rate.
          (iv)      Treatment (accounting and control) of administration, selling distribution
overheads in cost accounts.
          (v)       Treatment of fringe benefits.
(vi)    Preventive maintenance costs.
(vii)    Treatment of Idle capacity costs.
(viii)    Practical problems on the application of activity based costing.

          5.Methods of costing.

(i)    Preparation of Job, Batch, and Unit Cost Sheets
(ii)    Process cost accounts with normal/abnormal loss/gain with inter-process profit and process stock accounts.
           (iii)      Valuation of Work-in-progress in process accounts and concept of equivalent production including intervening process.
          (iv)       Distinction between joint products and by-products, and preparation of main product account.
(v)    Methods of apportionment of joint costs with particular reference to `constant gross-    
margin percentage net realiable value (NRV) method'
          (vi)        Uniform Costing-meaning, objectives, requisites, advantages & limitations etc.

6. Cost Accounts System

Preparation of cost accounts under integrated system. Third entry method of integrating cost accounts and financial accounts.

           7. Short notes on the following important terms.
       (i) Fringe benefits
       (ii) Job evaluation and merit rating
       (iii) Advantages of cost audit,
       (iv) Costing principles
        (v) Discretionary costs
       (vi) Joint Costs
       (vii) Opportunity cost
      (viii) Profit Centre
       (ix) Value Analysis
       (x) Cost plus Contract.

Section B: Financial Management

(i)    Objectives/ Goals of Financial Management
(ii)    Estimating Working Capital requirements on Gross basis and Cash Cost basis for a        new company including double shift working.
(iii)    Preparation of cash forecast. Miller-Orr Model
(iv)    Liberalization of credit policy, setting up of lock box system.
(v)    Computation of weighted average cost of capital including marginal cost of capital.
(vi)    MM theory of Capital structure
(vii)          Computation of Operating, Financial & Combined leverages with there relationship with beta.
(viii)    Investment/Capital budgeting decision based on NPV/IRR
(viii)    Lease/Barrow decision
(ix)    Computation & Interpretation of
(a)    Profitability Ratios (Including Du Pont Chart)
(b)    Solvency Ratios
(c)    Liquidity Ratios
(d)    Turnover ratios
(e)    Misc Ratio i.e.  PE Ratio, Div Yield ratio etc.
(x)    Misc topics for numerical as well as a theoreticaln presentation :
1    Indifference Point,
2    Profitability index,
3    Factoring,
4    Forfeiting,
5    ADR,
6    GDR,
7    External Commercial barrowings, (ECB)
8    Euro Bonds
9    Commercial Papers.
Notes:

  1.    Undertake mock tests-Try doing practical problems in examination conditions
  2.    Try practical problems (solved illustrations) without seeing solutions and then compare answers to evaluate your performance and take steps to remove shortcomings.
  3.    Note the important catch points which you think are important on a separate paper to revise at the final revision time before the exams.
  4.    Identify some problems which you want to practice on the last day before exam because it is not possible to revise all the problems on the last day
  5.    List out what you want to revise on the last day and make sure to revise them
  6.    For clarifications you may refer to Cost Accounting Text and problems by Dr N.K. Agrawal and study material of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India.
  7.    You can interact with the undersigned
                  Dr N.K. Agrawal
                  Ex-Jt. Director Studies
                  Board of Studies,ICAI
                  Tel No 25286791, 9811785061
                   Or Email your queries to
                   nkagrawal1211940@yahoo.co.in

General Guidelines while attempting the paper to get better results.
(i)    Read full question paper before attempting the answers.
(ii)    Identify & attempt the question which in your opinion can be done comfortably as your first answer which should be your best attempt.. This will give you confidence and good impression to the examiner.
(iii)    Divide your time for the questions as per the marks scheme say if the time allotted is 3 hours (i.e 180 minutes) for 100 marks. You need 5-10 minutes to read full question paper, 5-10 minutes to check the answer at the end when you have finished. So time  available  is say 170-160 minutes for the full paper.
                   So for each mark you have only 1.70 to 1.60 minutes i.e. for 20 marks you have only 34 to 32 minutes. So plan your answers as per time schedule and take care to give each mark its due time. In case you are able to save time on some questions that can be used in
 other questions.
(iv)    Get one good calculator and practise on the same calculator; this will make you  to comfortably use the calculator and your speed will also increase.

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